Chronic stress has a more powerful effect on the brain during adolescence than in adulthood and now there’s proof at the molecular level, according to findings published in Neuron by University at Buffalo researchers.
Neuroscience
Deafening affects vocal nerve cells within hours
Portions of a songbird’s brain that control how it sings have been shown to decay within 24 hours of the animal losing its hearing.
Hypothermia protects the brain against damage during stroke
Thromboembolic stroke, caused by a blood clot in the brain, results in damage to the parts of the brain starved of oxygen. Breaking up the clot with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) reduces the amount of damage, however, there is a very short time window when the value of the treatment outweighs the side effects. New research published in BioMed Central’s open access journal Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine shows that, during the first 24 hours after a stroke, mild hypothermia (34C) can reduce the side effects of tPA and potentially increase the window of opportunity for tPA treatment.
Removing molecule speeds relief from depression
Getting rid of a protein increases the birth of new nerve cells and shortens the time it takes for antidepressants to take effect, according to an animal study in the March 7 issue of The Journal of Neuroscience. The protein, neurofibromin 1, normally helps prevent uncontrolled cell growth. The findings suggest therapeutic strategies aimed at stimulating new nerve cell birth may help treat depression better than current antidepressants that commonly take several weeks to reach full efficacy.
Surgery soon after failure of drug treatment for epilepsy may lower risk of seizures
Patients with epilepsy who underwent brain surgery soon after failing to respond to drug treatment, but who also continued to receive drug therapy, had a lower risk of seizures during the 2nd year of follow-up compared to patients who received drug treatment alone, according to a study in the March 7 issue of JAMA.